The main technological requirements that need to be taken into account when planning production in the crop industry:
1. Genetic potential of a variety or hybrid. High-quality certified seed
The commodity producer should reasonably choose a variety or hybrid that is best suited for a particular region, which will provide high economic benefits during cultivation.
2. Soil cultivation system
All cultivated plants are suitable for cultivation under different tillage systems (traditional, minimum, No-till, Strip-till).
Deep soil cultivation in the fall ensures maximum moisture accumulation during the autumn and winter period.
Leveling the soil in the fall allows us to achieve optimal particle size distribution and minimal moisture loss during spring tillage.
High-quality pre-sowing tillage to the depth of seed placement and post-sowing soil compaction over the seed creates optimal conditions for the simultaneous germination of all sown seeds.
3. Fertilization system
The quantitative and qualitative composition of the fertilizers to be applied is determined by the manufacturer based on soil analysis and in accordance with the planned crop yield. The timing and dose of fertilizer application depends on the characteristics of the tillage system and the technical capabilities of the technological operations.
4. Sowing
Sowing is carried out as soon as possible after pre-sowing tillage or by direct sowing (depending on the tillage system and equipment available on the farm). The timing of sowing and the depth of sowing of spring crops is determined by the presence of moisture in the seedbed and soil temperature. The optimal sowing time for sunflower and corn is when the soil warms up by 7-8 ◦ C at a depth of 8-10 cm. Sowing density is recommended for each individual variety or hybrid for a particular growing zone, adjusted for seed germination according to the certificate.
5. Plant protection system
The correct choice of plant protection system for growing crops is determined by the soil differences of the field, the amount of moisture during the growing season, the presence of pathogenic pathogens on the field, and the characteristics of the variety or hybrid to be grown. For guaranteed weed control on sunflower, corn, soybean and rapeseed crops, it is advisable to use soil-acting herbicides.
6. Harvesting and storage
Timely harvesting without losses in a short time ensures maximum yield of the main products with high quality indicators. Storage in warehouses with optimal moisture and ventilation conditions allows us to maintain high quality products for a long time. The sale of high-quality products provides a significant economic benefit to agricultural production.
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