Factors Affecting the Yield of Grain Corn

A high yield of grain corn depends on numerous factors that cover both biological and agronomic aspects of cultivation. From the quality of seed germination to proper crop care and timely harvesting, each stage is crucial to maximizing yields. Maintaining optimal temperature, humidity and nutrient conditions, along with high-quality sowing and crop protection, is the key to efficient corn production.

BIOLOGICAL COMPONENTS OF CORN YIELD:

GERMINATION

  • Soil temperature is not less than 10 o C
  • The soil should be light and moist around the kernel
  • It takes 12 - 17 days before emergence

THE PERIOD OF VEGETATION

  • Active development of the root system
  • Sensitivity to low temperatures
  • Sensitivity to phosphorus deficiency
  • Formation of the final sowing density
  • At the stage of 10 leaves, it is especially in need of moisture and nutrients

PANICLE EMERGENCE AND FLOWERING

  • Sensitive to nitrogen and moisture deficiency
  • Stage of cob formation
  • Sensitivity to high temperatures (40 ° C)
  • Formation of the number of grains (25 days after flowering)

RIPENESS

  • Physiological maturity is reached when the humidity is 40%.
  • The accumulation of assimilants is completed
  • Appearance of a black dot: the grain is no longer dependent on the cob

AGROTECHNICAL COMPONENTS OF GRAIN CORN YIELD:

SOWING

  • Sowing with conditioned seeds
  • Light, well aerated soil with sufficient moisture
  • Sowing depth of 5-6 cm
  • Sowing at a speed of 5-7 km/h with a precision seeder;
  • Controlling the depth and uniformity of sowing.
  • Adjust the sowing density

CROP CARE

  • Application of soil herbicides after sowing
  • Fertilizing with microelements in the phase of 4-6 leaves
  • Application of insurance herbicides in the 3-5 leaf stage
  • Meeting the nitrogen requirement at the stage from 10 leaves to flowering
  • Treatment with potash fertilizers to increase drought resistance
  • Pest and disease control before flowering

HARVESTING OF THE CROP

  • Harvesting with threshing of heads of cabbage at a moisture content of not more than 25-30%.
  • Harvest in a short time (10-15 days)
  • Delayed harvesting and delayed harvesting leads to crop losses